天地否
天地不交,闭塞不通
The Judgment
Standstill is the doing of the unworthy. It does not favor the steadfastness of the superior person. The great departs, the small draws near.
This sign is of heaven and earth sealed apart, when nothing passes through and the mean gain power while the worthy are hemmed in. The great goes out and the small comes in; even holding upright yields little gain.
天地不交,否;君子以俭德辟难,不可荣以禄。
否之匪人,不利君子贞,大往小来,则是天地不交而万物不通也,上下不交而天下无邦也。内阴而外阳,内柔而外刚,内小人而外君子,小人道长,君子道消也。
Interpretation(original text)
「否」本义为闭塞、不通。否卦描绘天地不交、阴阳隔绝、万物不生之象,与泰卦截然相反。卦辞「否之匪人,不利君子贞,大往小来」,言否塞之世,非君子所能有为,阳大往外而阴小来内,闭塞不通。程颐谓「否者,闭塞也。天地不交而万物不通」。
上乾天、下坤地。天气上升、地气下降,各行其道而互不交通,闭塞之象。乾在上、坤在下虽合常位,但二气不交则万物不生。《象传》曰「天地不交,否;君子以俭德辟难,不可荣以禄」——天地闭塞之时,君子应当收敛节俭以避难,不可贪图荣华富贵。
下三爻皆阴、上三爻皆阳,阴降阳升、各不相交。六二柔中得正,与九五正应,然否塞之世,相应而不能通。九五刚中居尊,「休否,大人吉」,有改变否塞之力。九四近于九五而居多惧之位,「有命无咎」。上九居否之极,否极泰来。
否为第十二卦,承泰而来。《序卦》曰「物不可以终通,故受之以否」。泰通不能永久,否塞必然到来——治乱循环之理。否与泰为相综之卦对,上下颠倒互为综卦。否之后为同人,否塞之后人们寻求团结。
The Lines
Pulling up the reed brings its roots and its kind together. Steadfastness brings good fortune and success.
Even in this time of blockage, those of one mind uphold one another and keep the upright way together, and so meet good fortune and a way through.
Image: 拔茅贞吉,志在君也。
初六为否卦之始,阴居阳位失正,坤体之初。「拔茅茹以其汇,贞吉,亨」——拔茅草根茎相连、同类相随,守正则吉亨。初六三阴在下,同类相牵。与泰卦初九「拔茅」相对——泰之拔茅为阳进,否之拔茅为阴退守。《象传》曰「拔茅贞吉,志在君也」。程颐言「否之初,守正以待时,终得通也」。
Bearing and submitting. For the small, good fortune; for the great, standstill, yet success.
One endures and defers to those above. The lesser man may prosper here; the great man, though hemmed in by the blockage, keeps his integrity and so finds his way.
Image: 大人否亨,不乱群也。
六二居下卦之中,阴居阴位得正得中,坤之中爻。「包承,小人吉,大人否亨」——小人逢迎包容则吉,大人处否塞则由否转亨。六二柔中得正,与九五正应。在否塞之世,六二以中正之德守身。《象传》曰「大人否亨,不乱群也」。程颐谓「大人处否而不改其节,故能否而终亨也」。
Bearing shame within.
Carrying shame in the heart, one swallows humiliation and shoulders the burden to see the hard time through.
Image: 包羞,位不当也。
六三居下卦之极,阴居阳位失正,否塞最甚之位。「包羞」——包藏羞耻。六三阴柔失正,处否极之时而行不义,内心有愧。六三无正应(上九虽为应位但否世不通),居多凶之地。《象传》曰「包羞,位不当也」。王弼谓「以阴居阳,志不在正,否塞之世而包藏其羞」。
He who acts by mandate is without blame; his fellows share in the blessing.
Act in accord with what is ordained and no blame follows; those of your own kind partake in the good fortune with you.
Image: 有命无咎,志行也。
九四居上卦之初,阳居阴位失正,由坤入乾之转折。「有命无咎,畴离祉」——奉天命行事则无咎,同类皆得福祉。九四处否将变之际,近于九五之君,受命而行。与初六正应,阳向下交感。《象传》曰「有命无咎,志行也」。程颐言「处否之时而有变通之才,受命行事则可转否为泰」。
The standstill wanes. For the great person, good fortune. It might fail, it might fail, so bound fast to a cluster of mulberry shoots.
The blockage begins to break, and for the great person good fortune follows. Keeping ever the thought that all might yet fail, he holds as firm as if lashed to a stand of mulberry roots.
Image: 大人之吉,位正当也。
九五居上卦之中,阳居阳位得正得中,否卦之尊位。「休否,大人吉。其亡其亡,系于苞桑」——终止否塞,大人才能获吉。但须时刻警惕「将要灭亡、将要灭亡」,将自身系于牢固的桑树根上。九五刚中居尊,有转否为泰之力。《象传》曰「大人之吉,位正当也」。朱熹谓「刚中得尊,能休否也」。
The standstill is overturned. First blockage, then joy.
The stagnation is at last thrown down; hardship comes first, then gladness, as the worst gives way to the return of good.
Image: 否终则倾,何可长也。
上九居否卦之极,阳居阴位失正,否道穷极。「倾否,先否后喜」——否塞被倾覆,先经否塞后获喜悦。上九否极泰来,物极必反之理。否已至极,不可再否,必然转化。《象传》曰「否终则倾,何可长也」。程颐言「否极则倾,犹冬极则春,乱极则治」。
Divination Reference(original text)
市场处于下行困境,以保守防御为主,持有现金等待转机,切忌抄底抄在半山腰。
职场环境不利,韬光养晦、积蓄能力,避免与强势势力正面冲突,等待否极泰来。
关系陷入僵局,给彼此时间冷静,不强行沟通,默默守候否极泰来的转机。
身体处于低谷期,须认真休养,不强撑硬撑,以静养蓄力为主,等待体力恢复。
Traditional Reading(original text)
闭塞不通之象,阴阳不交之时。天在上而升、地在下而降,天地隔绝不通。万事阻塞、前途迷茫,宜收敛退守、韬光养晦,静待否极泰来。
事业受阻,升迁无望,上下沟通不畅。宜暂时收敛锋芒、低调行事,切忌强出风头。蛰伏等待是当前最明智的选择。
经商困难重重,市场低迷、资金紧张、客户流失。宜收缩战线、削减开支、保存实力。不宜冒险投资或扩大经营。
学业不顺,考试成绩不理想,学习效率低下。宜调整心态、反思方法,不可因一时挫折而放弃。逆境中坚持者终将胜出。
感情不顺,双方沟通困难、关系冷淡。宜给彼此空间、静心反省。强行挽回可能适得其反,顺其自然为上。
当前时运不济,不宜做重大决定。收敛退守、节俭度日、修身养德方为上策。否极必泰来,耐心等待转机。
School Interpretations(original text)
天地不交,闭塞否滞。上下隔绝,万事不通。宜俭德避难,忌贪功求进。
否卦为天地不交,天向上、地向下,各走极端,象征闭塞和阻隔。得此卦者,正处于运势低谷,诸事不顺、处处碰壁。此时不可消沉绝望,也不可勉强行事。宜俭约自守、修养道德,韬光养晦以待时变。否极泰来是自然规律,坚守正道终能等到转机。
运势低迷,诸事不顺,宜忍耐退守、俭约度日。
财运不佳,投资亏损风险大,宜保守理财、减少开支。
家宅不安,家人关系疏远,宜加强沟通、互相关怀。
注意心脏和脾胃,情绪郁闷伤身,宜适当运动疏解。