RESOURCES/HEXAGRAM 07
坎宫归魂

地水师

ShīThe Army

统帅之道,严明纪律

Upper Trigram
Lower Trigram
— I —

The Judgment

The Army: steadfastness. A seasoned leader brings good fortune and no blame.

This sign is the way of raising and commanding an army. It must be led by an elder of proven virtue and standing; only a host in a righteous cause wins without blame.

Image Commentary(original text)

地中有水,师;君子以容民畜众。

Judgment Commentary(original text)

师,众也;贞,正也。能以众正,可以王矣。刚中而应,行险而顺,以此毒天下,而民从之,吉又何咎矣。

— II —

Interpretation(original text)

「师」本义为军队、众人。《说文》训师为「二千五百人为师」。师卦描绘行军用兵之道,强调以正道统率、以德服众。卦辞「贞,丈人吉,无咎」,言用兵须守正道、以经验丰富之长者为帅方吉。程颐谓「师之义,用众也」。

卦象分析

上坤地、下坎水。地中有水,水聚于地下而不外显,如民间蕴藏的兵力。坤为众、坎为险,以顺从驾驭危险之义。《象传》曰「地中有水,师;君子以容民畜众」——如大地包容水源,君子应包容百姓、蓄养群众。

六爻结构

九二为卦主,唯一之阳爻居下卦之中,以一阳统率五阴,犹如将帅统领三军。九二阳居阴位失位而得中,王弼谓「以刚居中而应于上,行师之道」。六五柔中居尊,为委任将帅之君主。初六至上六五阴爻为士卒,皆听命于九二。

卦序脉络

师为第七卦,承讼而来。《序卦》曰「讼必有众起,故受之以师。师者,众也」。讼争不止则聚众成军,故师承讼。师与比为相综之卦对——师为用兵征伐,比为亲附和平。

— III —

The Lines

⚋ Yin
Six at the beginning

The army sets out by strict order. If the order fails, misfortune, however good the cause.

An army must march under firm discipline; where discipline breaks down, defeat and misfortune are certain.

Image: 师出以律,失律凶也。

Analysis

初六为师卦之始,阴居阳位失正,出师之初。「师出以律,否臧凶」——出兵作战必须有严明的纪律,否则无论善恶皆凶。初六处卦之最下,为出师之始,纪律为行军之本。《象传》曰「师出以律,失律凶也」。程颐言「出师之初,纪律不严则败也」。

⚊ Yang
Nine in the second place

In the midst of the army. Good fortune, no blame. The king thrice confers his charge.

Holding the command and dealing fairly, one meets good fortune without blame, and the king bestows his favor again and again.

Image: 在师中吉,承天宠也。王三锡命,怀万邦也。

Analysis

九二居下卦之中,阳居阴位得中,师卦之唯一阳爻,卦主所在。「在师中吉,无咎,王三锡命」——身处军中得吉,无过咎,君王三次赐命嘉奖。九二以一阳统五阴,如将帅统三军,刚中之德为行师之本。与六五正应,受君王信任委以重任。《象传》曰「在师中吉,承天宠也」。

⚋ Yin
Six in the third place

The army may carry corpses in the wagons. Misfortune.

The host is beaten, and the wagons bear the fallen home; an omen of misfortune.

Image: 师或舆尸,大无功也。

Analysis

六三居下卦之极,阴居阳位失正,行师多凶之位。「师或舆尸,凶」——军队中可能用车载尸(指多头指挥或全军覆没),大凶。六三失正又乘九二之刚,越权指挥之象。《象传》曰「师或舆尸,大无功也」。程颐谓「以阴居阳,不中不正,而帅师凶」。王弼亦言「以不正而帅师,凶可知矣」。

⚋ Yin
Six in the fourth place

The army camps to the left. No blame.

The army falls back and encamps on lower ground; reading the moment and knowing when to withdraw, it commits no fault.

Image: 左次无咎,未失常也。

Analysis

六四居上卦之初,阴居阴位得正,行师知退之位。「师左次,无咎」——军队向左后方撤退驻扎,无过咎。六四得正而知进退,面对困境时明智退却。左次为退军之义,非败退而是审时度势的策略性撤退。《象传》曰「左次无咎,未失常也」。程颐言「以柔居柔,知难而退,得师之常道也」。

⚋ Yin
Six in the fifth place

There is game in the field; it is favorable to press the charge. No blame. Let the eldest lead the host; if the younger takes command, the wagons carry corpses, and steadfastness brings misfortune.

Game in the field gives just cause to march. Put the eldest son in command and no blame follows; entrust it to a younger, and the army is routed and comes to grief.

Image: 长子帅师,以中行也。弟子舆尸,使不当也。

Analysis

六五居上卦之中,阴居阳位失位而得中,坤之中爻。「田有禽,利执言,无咎」——田中有野兽侵害,宜声讨伐之,无过。六五柔中居尊,为委任将帅之君。与九二正应,信任九二而委以征伐之权。「长子帅师,弟子舆尸」——以九二长子帅师则吉,以六三弟子代之则凶。《象传》曰「长子帅师,以中行也」。

⚋ Yin
Six at the top

The great ruler issues his commands, founding states and endowing houses. Do not employ inferior people.

The sovereign hands down his awards, founding realms and establishing families; but choose worthy people, not the mean, or endless trouble follows.

Image: 大君有命,以正功也。小人勿用,必乱邦也。

Analysis

上六居师卦之极,阴居阴位得正而处穷极。「大君有命,开国承家,小人勿用」——大战结束后,天子分封功臣、赏赐爵位,但小人不可委以重任。上六为师之终结,战争胜利后的论功行赏。然师极须防小人趁势窃取权柄。《象传》曰「大君有命,以正功也;小人勿用,必乱邦也」。

— IV —

Divination Reference(original text)

WealthFINANCE

组合投资须有明确策略与纪律,切勿盲目跟风,专注于核心资产稳步推进。

CareerCAREER

团队管理须赏罚分明、令行禁止,选对核心骨干,方能带领团队攻坚克难。

RelationshipsRELATIONSHIPS

处理家庭或团体关系须有规则与边界,长幼有序,避免无原则溺爱或放纵。

HealthHEALTH

系统性调理身体,须遵循医嘱制定计划并坚持执行,切勿三天打鱼两天晒网。

— V —

Traditional Reading(original text)

统军行师之象,众志成城之时。地中含水、水聚于地,象征蓄养兵力、组织民众。宜以正义为号召、以纪律为根本,统一指挥方可制胜。

Career

事业上宜发挥领导才能,组织团队、统一行动。领导者须德才兼备、赏罚分明。下属须服从指挥、协作配合。

Business

经商宜有组织有计划,注重团队管理和纪律。适合大规模运营、集团化经营。选用人才须慎重,用人不当则损失惨重。

Reputation

学业宜系统学习、有计划有步骤地推进。适合参加有组织的培训或学习团体。听从导师指导,循序渐进。

Marriage

感情中需要一方主导大局,另一方配合支持。双方目标一致、齐心协力则婚姻幸福。忌各行其是、貌合神离。

Decision

决策须审时度势、以大局为重。行动前须做好充分准备和组织动员,确保令出必行。正义之师方能所向披靡。

— VI —

School Interpretations(original text)

Duanyi Tianji

地中藏水,养兵蓄众。行师以正,纪律严明。宜统筹指挥,忌群龙无首。

Shao Yong · Heluo Lishu
行师正义,纪律严明

师卦为地水相叠,水藏于地中,象征兵力蕴藏于民间。得此卦者,面临需要调动众人力量的局面。成功的关键在于正当的名义、严明的纪律和贤能的统帅。行事须光明正大,不可以权谋私。用人得当则所向披靡,用人不当则大败而归。

Fu Peirong's Reading
Fortune

运势可起,须正义行事、领导有方,方能众望所归。

Wealth

财运取决于组织管理能力,规模化经营可获利。

Home

家宅宜定规矩、明尊卑,家风严整则家道兴隆。

Health

注意腹部和泌尿系统,宜规律作息,切忌过度劳累。

— VII —

Changing Hexagrams

Bottom line moving地泽临
2nd line moving坤为地
3rd line moving地风升
4th line moving雷水解
5th line moving坎为水
Top line moving山水蒙